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--- user_and_control_plane [2025/03/11 08:57] – created kkaragoz
+++ user_and_control_plane [2025/03/29 13:53] (current) – kkaragoz
@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
-User & Control Plane
+User & Control Plane Essentials
+{{  :user_control_planes_essentials.png?400  }}
+User Plane (Data Plane)
+Purpose: Transports user-generated data (e.g., internet traffic, voice packets via VoNR).
+Protocols: Uses protocols like GTP-U (GPRS Tunneling Protocol for User Plane) for tunneling data between nodes (e.g., between UPF and gNodeB).
+No APIs: These connections are not RESTful APIs - they are optimized for high-speed, low-latency data transfer.
+Control Plane
+Purpose: Manages signaling between network functions (e.g., AMF, SMF, NRF) for tasks like authentication, session setup, or service discovery.
+Interfaces: These are called Service-Based Interfaces (SBIs) and are RESTful APIs (HTTP/2 + JSON).
+Examples:
+  * Namf: API exposed by AMF for communication with other functions.
+  * Nsmf: API exposed by SMF for session management.
+  * Nnrf: API exposed by NRF for service discovery.
+How it works?: Functions like AMF or SMF act as HTTP clients/servers, invoking or exposing RESTful endpoints to exchange control messages (e.g. AMF queries NRF via Nnrf_NFDiscovery to find suitable SMF).
+When a device connects to 5G:
+  - Control Plane: AMF (Access and Mobility Management Function) uses RESTful SBIs to communicate with NRF (Network Repository Function) to discover SMF (Session Management Function).
+  - User Plane: SMF selects a UPF (User Plane Function), and GTP-U tunnels are established to route user data.
+Bibliography:
+  - [[https://www.sharetechnote.com/html/db/html/FAQ_4G_Architecture_Cplane_Uplane.html|https://www.sharetechnote.com/html/db/html/FAQ_4G_Architecture_Cplane_Uplane.html]] (semi-AI generated)
+  - [[https://www.telecomgurukul.com/post/understanding-control-and-user-plane-separation-in-5g-networks-updated-in-2024|https://www.telecomgurukul.com/post/understanding-control-and-user-plane-separation-in-5g-networks-updated-in-2024]]
+  - [[https://devopedia.org/control-and-user-plane-separation|https://devopedia.org/control-and-user-plane-separation]]